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Dolphin Inspired Sonar Development for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

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Speaker:

David Lane

Cetaceans such as Dolphins have highly developed acoustic echolocation systems that can significantly outperform conventional man made sonars in range, resolution and sensitivity. In recent years there has been a growing interest in analysing these systems [1‐3] in order to synthesize manmade systems with superior performance [4]. Numerous applications in survey for offshore energy production, environmental monitoring, and security from underwater mines are relevant.
The Ocean Systems Laboratory (OSL) at Heriot‐Watt University has developeds bio‐inspired wideband acoustic sensing system for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) based on these Dolphin principles for improved detection and recognition of subsea objects. The sensors themselves are based on bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) sonar, covering a frequency band between 30‐ 130kHz and having a frequency dependent beam width considerably wider than conventional imaging
sonars, varying from around 40 at the highest frequency to around 80 at the lower end. We aim to use bio‐inspired pulses to elicit characteristic wideband signatures to distinguish between different object types.
Using the application of underwater cable inspection as an example, the presentation will cover proof‐of‐concept research providing results of experiments in which the bio‐inspired system has been tested against a number of different cables under various test conditions. These experiments aim to demonstrate the validity of the wideband approach in cable recognition and to explore the impact of reverberation and consistency of cable responses measured against different background sediments.
The presentation will also consider the core AUV technology in use for practical mission planning and control, and the way the bio‐inspired sonar has been integrated to realize appropriate tracking and event recognition behaviours when operating without operator supervision.

[1] W. W. L. Au. The Sonar of Dolphins. Springer‐Verlag, New York, 1993.
[2] D. A. Helweg, P. W. Moore, S. W. Martin, and L. A. Dankiewicz. Using a binaural biomimetic array to identify bottom objects ensonified by echolocating dolphins. Inst. Phys. Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, 1(2): pp. 41– 51, June 2006.
[3] C. Capus, Y. Pailhas, K. Brown, D. M. Lane, P.W. Moore, and D. Houser. Bio‐inspired wideband sonar signals based on observations of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 121(1): pp. 594–604, January 2007.
[4] C. Capus, Y. Pailhas, K. Brown, D. M. Lane Detection of Buried and Partially Buried Objects Using A Bio‐inspired Wideband Sonar. Proc IEEE Int Conf OCEANS 2010, Sydney, May 2010

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